Definition and Examples of Understatement

Next to of course god america i - 1300 Words

â€Å"Next to of course god america i† is a poem by E. E. Cummings that satirizes the arrogant adamancy with which politicians speak of patriotism in order to fabricate an idealistic sense of national pride. Saturated with uncommon poetic practices, Cummings exploits unconventional syntax, lack of punctuation, and an overall rushed, seemingly nonsensical form of writing to emphasize the satirical tone of the poem and to poke fun at the absurdity of the lengths to which patriotism goes. â€Å"Next to of course god america i† toys with diction, syntax, punctuation, and form in a way that makes reading the poem difficult, much the same way as Cummings finds it difficult to understand the message about patriotism the speaker in the first stanza, a†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, the poem breaks up the speaker’s dialogue at key points. In line 9, for example, the word â€Å"beautiful† used to describe the selfless actions of soldiers voluntarily dyin g for their country is split between two lines, demonstrating that the words the politician is speaking hold no strength or validity and that there is no beauty in dying even for your country The lack of proper punctuation that mergers lines together and the extended length of the first stanza lends an air of nonsense, adding to the idea that this presumably patriotic speech is empty of any meaning; the speaker is simply rambling on, â€Å"and so forth† (line 2), and reciting worn out, clichà © sayings such as â€Å"heroic happy dead† in line 10 that ring hollow (â€Å"E.E. Cummings,† n.d.). The last line denotes a new speaker who serves to expose the corruption of the first speaker by stating that the politician â€Å"[drinks] rapidly a glass of water† because he just thoughtlessly, and nervously, attempted to opaque the fallacies of patriotism with propaganda (Brierley, 2013). The poem begins with the line â€Å"next to of course god america i† that can be seen as a juxtaposition between America and the people. The words â€Å"god,† â€Å"america,† and â€Å"i† are placed in order of decreasing importance, thus implying that patriotism is a natural duty, for America as a whole is more important than any one person. Furthermore, by presenting â€Å"god† and â€Å"america† in lowercase letters, Cummings allows the reader to inferShow MoreRelatedNext to of Course God America I by E.E. Cummings Essay645 Words   |  3 PagesNext to of Course God America I by E.E. Cummings e. e. cummings poem, next to of course god america i, is a wonderful example of stylistic variation in a text. Once again, we see his skill and mastery at manipulating the English language in order to foreground a thought and turn it into a commentary on society. As with all of cummings works, there is evidence of a multitude of variances and deviances at work, however, I shall concentrate on the area of language variance, more specificallyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem I Buffalo Bill s Essay1494 Words   |  6 Pages With the three poems â€Å"next to of course god america i†, â€Å"the Cambridge ladies who live in furnished souls†, and â€Å"[Buffalo Bill’s] e e cummings paints a very grim picture of American ideals and shows his disdain for much of the cultural identity that Americans share. In the poems â€Å"next to of course god america i† and â€Å"the Cambridge ladies who live in furnished souls† he lampoons politicians and a certain cl ass of women. In â€Å"[Buffalo Bill’s]† he declares a cultural icon to be â€Å"defunct† and withinRead MoreSuper Sad True Love Story1410 Words   |  6 PagesSuper Sad True Love Story, America, next to of course god america i, and I, Too, Sing America, are all story/poems that in some form or another address the theme of American exceptionalism and patriotism. In each of the titles, it is established that America is not as revered as it once was or possibly could be and that change needs to take place. Through dystopian tales, satirical speeches and exaggerated ideals the authors of these works of literature try to identify the issues faced in AmericanRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Unknown Citizen 1518 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Unknown Citizen† by W.H Auden and â€Å"next to of course god america i† by e.e. cumming are two poems that deal with similar issues. They both address the issue of dying soldiers and blame blind patriotism for the deaths of these soldiers. The theme of both poems deals with the need for citizens to become more outspoken and follow their own beliefs instead of simply following their country. However, each poem addresses a topic that isn’t found in the other poem, and the poems themselves are structurallyRead MoreSonnet Analysis1471 Words   |  6 PagesWhereas Cummings uses his fourteen lines to critique post-World War I society in his poem, â€Å"next to of course god america i,† Millay reclaims the sonnet from the male gaze and writes from the perspective of the liberated 20th-century woman in â€Å"Oh, oh, you will be sorry.† Bringing the classical poetic form into the 1920’s, both poets alter the traditional sonnet to provide a modern critique of social issues in early 20th Century America. E.E. Cummings witnessed first-hand the devastation of war-tornRead More Dulce et Decorum Est Essay1748 Words   |  7 PagesWilfred Owen’s â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† and E. E Cummings’, â€Å"next to of course god america i† are poems that critique patriotic propaganda. Both poems use words and images to effectively depict the influence that patriotic propaganda has on war. â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† uses descriptive words to create realistic images of the horrors soldiers are faced with during combat, whereas â€Å"next to of course god america i† uses sarcasm to inform readers that the abuse of propaganda can be used to manipulate othersRead MoreHow Christians Influenced The United States1690 Words   |  7 PagesA lot has happened over the this course learning everything from music in the 1960s to interrogation techniques of the current. The last ting we learned about our country is how Christians played a role in it. The history of we came to be in America, how we have an influence and the social enigmas with wanting it in politics. The main things we covered in the past eight weeks is how different events have effected or influenced the United States. We begin in the sixties and worked our way throughRead MoreThe Spiritual Autobiography By John Knight955 Words   |  4 Pagesconstruct the spiritual autobiography, I would start with the events, the people and the places that influenced the relationship with God or a higher being. According to Knight, those who were raised in a religious home their journey starts at birth and grows through age. (Knight, 2011) Parents who teach their children about God and who pray with them and worship with them have a close relationship with their God. Knight also states that should you find God later in life you may attribute that toRead MoreIs It The Most Acceptable?1310 Words   |  6 PagesIn God We Trust Have you ever taken a road trip through the United States? If you did you will no doubt have encountered a number of Christian billboards which angrily commanded you to repent or burn in hell. If you needed to stop during your drive to buy gas or food you might have noticed the phrase â€Å"In God We Trust† printed on your money. In nearly every town you stop at you’ll notice a handful of churches nearby. By the end of your trip you might summize that Americans are obsessed with religionRead MoreEssay on Teaching Morals and Ethics in Public Schools1108 Words   |  5 PagesTeaching Morals and Ethics in Public Schools I find myself disagreeing with Kozol and his statement that schools should be an institution where morals can be taught and developed. It is my belief that schools should not be held responsible for instilling morals and ethics into the minds of Americas children. Of course, it is true that schools should instill and reinforce morals that are part of our everyday existence. Those of the Golden Rule, as well as the wrongs of death and destruction

Last Sacrifice Chapter Thirty-four Free Essays

I DIDN’T WAKE UP IN the world of the dead. I didn’t even wake up in a hospital or some other type of medical center–which, believe me, I’d done plenty of times. No, I woke up in luxury, in a huge bedroom with gilded furniture. We will write a custom essay sample on Last Sacrifice Chapter Thirty-four or any similar topic only for you Order Now Heaven? Probably not with my behaviors. My canopied bed had a red- and-gold velvet comforter, thick enough to be a mattress itself. Candles flickered on a small table against the far wall and filled the room with the scent of jasmine. I had no clue where I was or how I’d gotten here, but as my last memories of pain and darkness played out in my mind, I decided the fact that I was actually breathing was good enough. â€Å"Sleeping Beauty awakens.’ That voice †¦ that wonderful, honey-like voice with its soft accent. It enveloped me, and with it came the impossible truth and its full impact: I was alive. I was alive. And Dimitri was here. I couldn’t see him but felt a smile come to my lips. â€Å"Are you my nurse?’ I heard him get up from a chair and walk over. Seeing him stand over me like that reminded me of just how tall he truly was. He looked down at me with a smile of his own–one of those full and rare smiles. He had cleaned up since last I’d seen him, his brown hair tied neatly back behind his neck, though he hadn’t shaved for a couple days. I tried to sit up, but he tsked me back. â€Å"No, no, you need to lie down.’ Soreness in my chest told me he was right. My mind might be awake, but the rest of me was exhausted. I had no idea how much time had passed, but something told me my body had been fighting a battle–not with a Strigoi or anything like one, but with itself. A battle to stay alive. â€Å"Then come closer,’ I told him. â€Å"I want to see you.’ He considered this a moment and then kicked off his shoes. Turning on my side– which made me wince–I managed to wiggle over a little to make room near the bed’s edge. He curled up beside me. Our faces rested on the same pillow, only a couple of inches apart as we gazed at each other. â€Å"Is this better?’ he asked. â€Å"Much.’ With his long, graceful fingers, he reached out and brushed hair from my face before tracing the edge of my cheekbone. â€Å"How are you?’ â€Å"Hungry.’ He laughed softly and cautiously slid his hand down to rest on my lower back, in a sort of half-embrace. â€Å"Of course you are. I think they’ve only managed to get broth into you so far. Well, that and IV fluids early on. You’re probably in sugar withdrawal.’ I cringed. I didn’t like needles or tubes and was glad I hadn’t been awake to see them. (Tattoo needles were a different matter.) â€Å"How long have I been out?’ â€Å"A few days.’ â€Å"A few days †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ I shivered, and he tugged the covers higher on me, thinking I was cold. â€Å"I shouldn’t be alive,’ I whispered. Gunshots like that †¦ they were too fast, too close to my heart. Or in my heart? I put my hand to my chest. I didn’t know precisely where I’d been hit. It all ached. â€Å"Oh Lord. Lissa healed me, didn’t she?’ It would have taken so much spirit. She shouldn’t have done that. She couldn’t afford to. Except †¦ why would I still feel pain? If she’d healed me, she would have gone all the way. â€Å"No, she didn’t heal you.’ â€Å"No?’ I frowned, unable to process that. How else would I have survived? A surprising answer came to mind. â€Å"Then †¦ Adrian? He’d never †¦ after how I treated him †¦ no. He couldn’t have †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ â€Å"What, you think he’d let you die?’ I didn’t answer. The bullets might be long gone, but thinking of Adrian still made my heart–figuratively–ache. â€Å"No matter how he feels †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Dimitri hesitated. This was a delicate topic, after all. â€Å"Well, he wouldn’t have let you die. He wanted to heal you. But he didn’t either.’ I felt bad for thinking so little of Adrian. Dimitri was right. Adrian never would have abandoned me out of spite, but I was rapidly running out of options here. â€Å"Then who? Sonya?’ â€Å"No one,’ he said simply. â€Å"Well, you, I suppose.’ â€Å"I †¦ what?’ â€Å"People can heal without magic now and then, Rose.’ There was amusement in his voice, though his face stayed sober. â€Å"And your wounds †¦ they were bad. No one thought you’d survive. You went into surgery, and then we all just waited.’ â€Å"But why †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ I felt very arrogant, asking the next question. â€Å"Why didn’t Adrian or Lissa heal me?’ â€Å"Oh, they wanted to, believe me. But in the aftermath, in the chaos †¦ the Court went under lockdown. They were both taken away and put under heavy protection before they could act. No one would let them near you, not when they still thought you might be a murderer. They had to be certain about Tasha first, even though her own actions were pretty damning.’ It took me a moment to get past the idea that modern medicine and my body’s own stamina had healed me. I’d grown too used to spirit. This didn’t seem possible. As I tried to wrap my mind around the concept, the rest of Dimitri’s meaning hit me. â€Å"Is Tasha †¦ still alive?’ His face fell even more. â€Å"Yes. They caught her right after she shot you–before anyone else got hurt. She’s detained, and more evidence has been coming in.’ â€Å"Calling her out was one of the hardest things I’ve ever done,’ I said. â€Å"Fighting Strigoi was easier than that.’ â€Å"I know. It was hard for me to see, hard for me to believe.’ There was a far-off look in his eyes, reminding me that Dimitri had known her longer than he’d known me. â€Å"But she made her choices, and all the charges against you have been dropped. You’re a free woman now. More than that. A hero. Abe’s bragging that it’s all his doing.’ That brought my smile back. â€Å"Of course he is. I’ll probably get a bill from him soon.’ I felt dizzy with both joy and astonishment. A free woman. I’d been burdened with accusations and a death sentence for what felt like years, and now †¦ now it had all disappeared. Dimitri laughed, and I wanted to stay like this forever, just the two of us, sweet and unguarded. Well–maybe not exactly this. I could’ve done without the pain and thick bandages I felt on my chest. He and I had had so few times alone, moments when we could really relax and openly acknowledge being in love. Things had only begun to mend between us at the end there †¦ and it had almost been too late. It might still be. â€Å"So what now?’ I asked. â€Å"I’m not sure.’ He rested his cheek against my forehead. â€Å"I’m just so glad †¦ so glad you’re alive. I’ve been so close to losing you so many times. When I saw you on the floor, and there was so much commotion and confusion †¦ I felt so helpless. I realized you were right. We waste our lives with guilt and self-loathing. When you looked at me there at the end †¦ I saw it. You did love me.’ â€Å"You doubted?’ I meant the words jokingly, but they came out sounding offended. Maybe I was, a little. I’d told him I loved him plenty of times. â€Å"No. I mean, I knew then that you didn’t just love me. I realized you really had forgiven me.’ â€Å"There was nothing to forgive, not really.’ I’d told him that before too. â€Å"I’ve always believed there was.’ He pulled back and looked at me again. â€Å"And that’s what was holding me back. No matter what you said, I just couldn’t believe it †¦ couldn’t believe you would forgive all the things I did to you in Siberia and after Lissa healed me. I thought you were deluding yourself.’ â€Å"Well. It wouldn’t be the first time I’ve done that. But no, this time I wasn’t.’ â€Å"I know, and with that revelation †¦ in that split second that I knew you forgave me and that I really had your love, I was finally able to forgive myself too. All those burdens, those ties to the past †¦ they went away. It was like †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ â€Å"Being free? Flying?’ â€Å"Yes. Except †¦ it came too late. This sounds crazy, but while I was looking down at you, having all these thoughts coming together in my head, it was like †¦ like I could see death’s hand reaching for you. And there was nothing I could do. I was powerless. I couldn’t help.’ â€Å"You did,’ I told him. â€Å"The last things I saw before blacking out were you and Lissa.’ Well, besides the skeletal faces, but mentioning that would have killed this romantic moment. â€Å"I don’t know how I survived getting shot, how I beat the odds †¦ but I’m pretty sure your love–both of you–gave me the strength to fight through. I had to get back to you guys. God only knows what trouble you’d get into without me.’ Dimitri had no words for that and answered instead by bringing his mouth to mine. We kissed, lightly at first, and the sweetness of the moment overpowered any pain I felt. The intensity had just barely picked up when he pulled away. â€Å"Hey, what gives?’ I asked. â€Å"You’re still recovering,’ he chastised. â€Å"You might think you’re back to normal, but you aren’t.’ â€Å"This is normal for me. And you know, I thought with all this freedom and self- discovery and expression of our love stuff that we could finally stop with the whole Zen master wisdom and practical advice crap.’ This got me an outright grin. â€Å"Roza, that’s not going to happen. Take it or leave it.’ I pressed a kiss to his lips. â€Å"If it means getting you, I’ll take it.’ I wanted to kiss him again and prove who really did have greater self-control, but that damned thing called reality set in. â€Å"Dimitri †¦ for real, what happens to us?’ â€Å"Life,’ he said easily. â€Å"It goes on. We go on. We’re guardians. We protect and maybe change our world.’ â€Å"No pressure,’ I remarked. â€Å"But what’s the â€Å"we’ and â€Å"guardians’ part? I was pretty sure we were out of that career path.’ â€Å"Mmm.’ He cupped my face, and I thought he might try another kiss. I hoped he would. â€Å"Along with our pardons, we received our guardian status again.’ â€Å"Even you? They believe you’re not a Strigoi?’ I exclaimed. He nodded. â€Å"Huh. Even if I got my name cleared, my ideal future was that we’d get filing jobs near each other.’ Dimitri moved closer to me, his eyes sparkling with a secret. â€Å"It gets better: you’re Lissa’s guardian.’ â€Å"What?’ I almost pulled away. â€Å"That’s impossible. They’d never †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ â€Å"They did. She’ll have others, so they probably figured it was okay to let you hang around if someone else could keep you in line,’ he teased. â€Å"You’re not †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ A lump formed in my stomach, a reminder of a problem that had plagued us so long ago. â€Å"You’re not one of her guardians too, are you?’ It had constantly been a concern, that conflict of interest. I wanted him near me. Always. But how could we watch Lissa and put her safety first if we were worried about each other? The past was returning to torment us. â€Å"No, I have a different assignment.’ â€Å"Oh.’ For some reason, that made me a little sad too, even though I knew it was the smarter choice. â€Å"I’m Christian’s guardian.’ This time I did sit up, doctor’s orders or no. Stitches tugged in my chest, but I ignored the sharp discomfort. â€Å"But that’s †¦ that’s practically the same thing!’ Dimitri sat up too and seemed to be enjoying my shock, which was really kind of cruel, seeing as I’d almost died and everything. â€Å"A little. But they won’t be together every moment, especially with her going to Lehigh. He’s not going †¦ but they’ll keep coming back to each other. And when they do, so will we. It’s a good mix. Besides †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ He grew serious again. â€Å"I think you’ve proved to everyone that you’re willing to put her life first.’ I shook my head. â€Å"Yeah, but no one was shooting at you. Only her.’ I said it lightly, but it did make me wonder: what would I do if they were both in trouble?Trust him, a voice in my head said. Trust him to take care of himself. He’ll do the same for you. I eyed Dimitri, recalling a shadow in my periphery back in the ballroom. â€Å"You followed when I jumped in front of Lissa, didn’t you? Who were you going for? Me or her?’ He studied me for several long seconds. He could have lied. He could have given the easy answer by saying he’d intended to push both of us out of the way–if that was even possible, which I didn’t recall. But Dimitri didn’t lie. â€Å"I don’t know, Roza. I don’t know.’ I sighed. â€Å"This isn’t going to be easy.’ â€Å"It never is,’ he said, pulling me into his arms. I leaned against his chest and closed my eyes. No, it wouldn’t be easy, but it would be worth it. As long as we were together, it would be worth it. We sat like that for a long time, until a discrete knock at the half-open door broke us apart. Lissa stood in the doorway. â€Å"Sorry,’ she said, her face shining with joy when she saw me. â€Å"Should have put a sock on the door. Didn’t realize things were getting hot and heavy.’ â€Å"No avoiding it,’ I said lightly, clasping Dimitri’s hand. â€Å"Things are always hot with him around.’ Dimitri looked scandalized. He’d never held back when we were in bed together, but his private nature wouldn’t let him even hint about such matters to others. It was mean, but I laughed and kissed his cheek. â€Å"Oh, this is going to be fun,’ I said. â€Å"Now that everything’s out in the open.’ â€Å"Yeah,’ he said. â€Å"I got a pretty â€Å"fun’ look from your father the other day.’ He gave Lissa a quick, knowing glance and then stood up. Leaning down, he kissed the top of my head. â€Å"I should go and let you two talk.’ â€Å"Will you be back?’ I asked as he moved to the door. He paused and smiled at me, and those dark eyes answered my questions and so much more. â€Å"Of course.’ Lissa took his spot, sitting on the bed’s edge. She hugged me gingerly, no doubt worried about my injuries. She then scolded me for sitting up, but I didn’t care. Happiness surged through me. I was so glad she was okay, so relieved, and– And I had no idea how she felt. The bond was gone. And not like during the jail escape, when she’d put the wall up. There was simply nothing there between us. I was with myself, completely and utterly alone, just as I had been years ago. My eyes widened, and she laughed. â€Å"I wondered when you’d notice,’ she said. â€Å"How †¦ how is this possible?’ I was frozen and numb. The bond. The bond was gone. I felt like my arm had been amputated. â€Å"And how do you know?’ She frowned. â€Å"Part of it’s instinct †¦ but Adrian saw it. That our auras aren’t connected anymore.’ â€Å"But how? How could that happen?’ I sounded crazy and desperate. The bond couldn’t be gone. It couldn’t. â€Å"I’m not entirely sure,’ she admitted, her frown deepening. â€Å"I talked about it a lot with Sonya and, uh, Adrian. We think when I brought you back the first time, it was spirit alone that held you back from the land of the dead and that kept you tied to me. This time †¦ you nearly died again. Or maybe you did for a moment. Only, you and your body fought your way back. It was you who got out, with no help from spirit. And once that happened †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ She shrugged. â€Å"Like I said, we’re only guessing. But Sonya thinks once your own strength broke you away, you didn’t need any help being pulled back from death. You did it on your own. And when you freed yourself of spirit, you freed yourself from me. You didn’t need a bond to keep you with the living.’ It was crazy. Impossible. â€Å"But if †¦ if you’re saying I escaped the land of the dead, I’m not, like, immortal or anything, am I?’ Lissa laughed again. â€Å"No, we’re certain of that. Sonya explained it, saying anything alive can die, and as long as you’ve got an aura, you’re alive. Strigoi are immortal but not alive, so they don’t have auras and–‘ The world spun. â€Å"I’ll take your word for it. I think maybe I do need to lie down.’ â€Å"That’s probably a good idea.’ I gently eased myself onto my back. Desperately needing distraction from what I’d just learned–because it was still too surreal, still impossible to process–I eyed my surroundings. The lush room was bigger than I’d previously realized. It kept going and going, branching into other rooms. It was a suite. Maybe an apartment. I could just make out a living room with leather furniture and a flat screen TV. â€Å"Where are we are?’ â€Å"In palace housing,’ she replied. â€Å"Palace housing? How’d we end up here?’ â€Å"How do you think?’ she asked dryly. â€Å"I †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ I couldn’t work my mouth for a moment. I needed no bond to realize what had happened. Another impossibility had occurred while I’d been out of it. â€Å"Crap. They had the election, didn’t they? They elected you queen, once Jill was there to stand in for your family.’ She shook her head and almost laughed. â€Å"My reaction was a little stronger than â€Å"crap,’ Rose. Do you have any idea what you’ve done?’ She looked anxious, stressed, and totally overwhelmed. I wanted to be serious and comforting for her sake †¦ but I could feel a goofy grin spreading over my face. She groaned. â€Å"You’re happy.’ â€Å"Liss, you were meant for this! You’re better than any of the other candidates.’ â€Å"Rose!’ she cried. â€Å"Running for queen was supposed to be a diversion. I’m only eighteen.’ â€Å"So was Alexandra.’ Lissa shook her head in exasperation. â€Å"I’m so sick of hearing about her! She lived centuries ago, you know. I think people died when they were thirty back then. So she was practically middle-aged.’ I caught hold of her hand. â€Å"You’re going to be great. It doesn’t matter how old you are. And it’s not like you have to call meetings and analyze law books all on your own, you know. I mean, I’m sure not going to do any of that, but there are other smart people. Ariana Szelsky didn’t make the last test, but you know she’ll help if you ask her to. She’s still on the Council, and there are others you can rely on. We just have to find them. I believe in you.’ Lissa sighed and looked down, her hair hanging forward in a curtain. â€Å"I know. And part of me is excited, like this will restore my family’s honor. I think that’s what’s saved me from a total breakdown. I didn’t want to be queen, but if I have to †¦ then I’m going to do it right. I feel like †¦ like I have the world at my fingertips, like I can do so much good. But I’m so afraid of messing up too.’ She looked up sharply. â€Å"And I’m not giving up on the rest of my life either. I guess I’m going to be the first queen in college.’ â€Å"Cool,’ I said. â€Å"You can IM with the Council from campus. Maybe you can command people to do your homework.’ She apparently didn’t think the joke was as funny as I did. â€Å"Going back to my family. Rose †¦ how long did you know about Jill?’ Damn. I’d known this part of the conversation would eventually be coming. I averted my eyes. â€Å"Not really that long. We didn’t want to stress you until we knew it was real,’ I added hastily. â€Å"I can’t believe †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ She shook her head. â€Å"I just can’t believe it.’ I had to go on her tone, not the bond. It was so strange, like losing one of my key senses. Sight. Hearing. â€Å"Are you upset?’ â€Å"Of course I am! How can you be surprised?’ â€Å"I figured you’d be happy †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ â€Å"Happy to find out my dad cheated on my mom? Happy to have a sister I hardly know? I’ve tried to talk to her, but †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Lissa sighed again. â€Å"It’s so weird. Almost weirder than suddenly being queen. I don’t know what to do. I don’t know what to think of my father. And I sure as hell don’t know what to do with her.’ â€Å"Love them both,’ I said softly. â€Å"They’re your family. Jill’s great, you know. Get to know her. Be excited.’ â€Å"I don’t know if I can. I think you’re more of a sister to me than she’ll ever be.’ Lissa stared off at nothing. â€Å"And of all people †¦ I was convinced for so long that there was something going on between her and Christian.’ â€Å"Well, out of all the worries in your world, that’s one you can let go because it’s not true.’ But within her comment was something dark and sad. â€Å"How isChristian?’ She turned back to me, her eyes full of pain. â€Å"He’s having a hard time. I am too. He visits her. Tasha. He hates what she did, but †¦ well, she’s still his family. It hurts him, but he tries to hide it. You know how he is.’ â€Å"Yeah.’ Christian had spent a good portion of his life masking dark feelings with snark and sarcasm. He was a pro at fooling others about how he truly felt. â€Å"I know he’ll be better in time †¦ I just hope I can be there for him enough. So much is happening. College, being queen †¦ and always, always, there’s spirit there, pressing down on me. Smothering me.’ Alarm shot through me. And panic. Panic over something far worse than not knowing what Lissa was feeling or where she was. Spirit. I was afraid of spirit–and the fact that I couldn’t fight it for her. â€Å"The darkness †¦ I can’t absorb it anymore. What will we do?’ A twisted smile crossed her lips. â€Å"You mean, what will I do. It’s my problem now, Rose. Like it always should have been.’ â€Å"But, no †¦ you can’t. St. Vladimir–‘ â€Å"Isn’t me. And you can protect me from some things but not all.’ I shook my head. â€Å"No, no. I can’t let you face spirit alone.’ â€Å"I’m not exactly alone. I talked to Sonya. She’s really good at healing charms and thinks there’s a way to keep myself in balance.’ â€Å"Oksana said the same thing,’ I recalled, feeling hardly reassured. â€Å"And †¦ there’s always the antidepressants. I don’t like them, but I’m queen now. I have responsibilities. I’ll do what I have to. A queen gives up everything, right?’ â€Å"I guess.’ I couldn’t help feeling frightened. Useless. â€Å"I’m just so worried about you, and I don’t know how to help you anymore.’ â€Å"I told you: you don’t have to. I’ll protect my mind. Your job’s to protect my body, right? And Dimitri will be around too. It’ll all be okay.’ The conversation with Dimitri came back to me. Who were you going for? Me or her? I gave her the best smile I could. â€Å"Yeah. It’ll all be okay.’ Her hand squeezed mine. â€Å"I’m so glad you’re back, Rose. You’ll always be part of me, no matter what. And honestly †¦ I’m kind of glad you can’t see my sex life anymore.’ â€Å"That makes two of us.’ I laughed. No bond. No magical attachment. It was going to be so strange, but really †¦ did I need it? In real life, people formed bonds of another nature. Bonds of love and loyalty. We would get through this. â€Å"I’ll always be there for you, you know. Anything you need.’ â€Å"I know,’ she said. â€Å"And actually †¦ I need you for something now †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ â€Å"Name it,’ I said. She did. How to cite Last Sacrifice Chapter Thirty-four, Essay examples

Revenue Management Business Purposes

Question: Discuss about theRevenue Managementfor Business Purposes. Answer: Introduction This assignment is based on the subject of revenue management. The assignment aims to identify the reason for which the hotel that selected the particular city for its business purposes. At the same time, the assignment also tries to find out the reasons behind the selection of the competitor set and the way of forecasting the occupancy rate and the performance of the hotel. Along with that, the study also recognizes the target market of the hotel and the way of handling the changed market situation. Explaining the Reasons for Selecting the City It has been identified in the previous assignment that the hotel is situated at Darwin Australia. The management of the hotel has selected this place because the population growth rate at that place is good and it is gradually improving. Apart from that, that particular city has softer occupancies, which is favorable for the hotel business (Kimes 2016). At the same time, the room rate in the hotel industry is also growing in this city. Moreover, the demand for the hotel services in that place is increasing day-by-day (Kimes and Wirtz 2016). Therefore, management thinks that if the hotel operates its business at Darwin, Australia, then it will have more growth opportunity. Hence, Darwin, Australia will be profitable for the hotel. Justifying the Selection of the Competitor Set There are mainly four large hotels in Australia are included in the competitor set of this hotel and these are Hilton Hotel, Skycity Darwin, Coconut Grove and Ramada Suites Zen Quarter Darwin. The primary reason of including these four hotels in the competitor set is these hotels are operating their business successfully in the market of Darwin and if this particular hotel competes with these four hotels then it can improve its standard of performance (Arenoe, Van Der Rest and Kattuman 2015). At the same time, if the hotel competes with the large hotels, then it can understand their strategies in better way, which is important for the further development of the new hotel. Apart from that, by competing with the large hotels, it can attract at least some of the customers of those hotels (Abrate and Viglia 2016). The most common thing between this particular hotel and its four competitors is that all of these hotels are situated at Darwin, Australia. Along with that, it can also be said that some of the services or facilities like, restaurant facility, room service and free internet facility are common in these hotels. Justifying the Figures in the Books and Occupancy Forecast In the accounting book of the hotel, it has been identified that the income or the profit level of the hotel is expected to be increased in the 2nd month than that of the 1st month. The amount that the company will receive through room bookings, restaurant service and value added services will grow up in the second month because the management expects that at the end of the 1st month, the hotel will gain some reputation, which will help it increasing its room bookings (Van Der Rest et al. 2016). As the room bookings will grow up, it can be expected that the more use of restaurant facilities and values added services will take place, which will increase the income from the restaurant and value added services (Sigala 2015). On the other side, the purchase will grow up because in order to meet the increasing demand, the hotel will require purchasing more ingredients and other things. As the purchase will increase, the cost per average sales will also grow up. The beginning inventory will be high in the 2nd month because it is possible that in the 1st month the sales will be much lower than the production and the closing inventory will be high because at the end of 2nd month, the management will prefer to have good amount of stock in hand so that in 3rd month, they can easily supply the increased demand (El Haddad 2015). The expenses for paying the salary will not be changed in the second month because in second month, the management will not recruit any new people and the salary level will be same for the existing people. The advertisement cost will be higher in the second month because in second month the hotel will more focus on the promotional activities (Ortega and Ortega 2016). In the occupancy rate forecast, it can be identified that the occupancy rate will be 84.5% in the high season. In the high season, the occupancy rate will not be 100% because the hotel is new and many people will not be aware of the hotel. In the average season the occupancy rate will be 70% because till the average season, the hotel will be able to increase its promotional activities and so more people will be aware of the hotel (Denizci Guillet and Mohammed 2015). Hence, in the average season also, the hotel will have 70% occupancy rate. In the low season, the occupancy rate will be 50% because the demand will be low at that time. Describing the Way of Competing in the Market It has been identified in the previous discussion that this hotel will compete with four major hotels at Darwin, Australia. As a new hotel it will not be easier to compete with already established and reputed hotels (Legohrel et al. 2016). However, the management of the hotel is planning to compete in this competitive market by emphasizing on its pricing strategy. The management has decided it will maintain the price level as per the standard rate in the market (Jonsson 2015). At the same time, the hotel will also focus on its cost level, so that it can better manage its profit level and revenue. Defining the Target Market The management of the hotel has segmented the market on the basis of the income level of the people. As per the market segmentation, there will be three market segments high income group, middle income group and lower income group. The hotel will target mainly the middle and higher income groups. The hotel will set the room rates at such a level, which will be not so high and the middle class people can easily afford. Explaining the Reaction if the Demand is Slower It is possible that in future the demand in the market for the hotel services becomes slower. If the demand becomes slower, then it will be the first step to control the cost of the hotel. However, at the same time, the price level of the hotel must be sensitive enough (Lin and Huang 2015). The hotel can provide price incentive, which indicates discounts in the hotel rents. Low room rents of the hotel will help to attract the customers easily. At the same time, the hotel also requires to encourage the customers or guests to avail better facilities, which will help to enhance the revenue of the organization (Denizci Guillet and Mohammed 2015). Apart from that, the management of the hotel can also introduce the package system. In the package system, it can provide a specific group of services to its customers within a particular price range. Sometimes, the package facility attracts the customers more because customers get varieties of service by paying the money once at time (El Haddad 2015). Customers feel that they are paying fewer amounts but in actual sense, the hotel can gain good amount of profit by introducing the package system during the low demand season. Explaining the Reaction if the Demand is Higher At the time, when there is high demand in the market, the management of the hotel can take varieties of strategy to handle the situation in a better way. First of all, the management can increase the revenue by increasing the price level of the rooms by a little percentage (Abrate and Viglia 2016). At the time, when demand is high in the market, crisis situation takes place regarding the availability of the hotel rooms. Due to that, the people become ready to pay high rent to get the hotel room. Along with that, the hotel can introduce some extra services free transportation from hotel to nearest airport or railway station. As during the high demand season, the people are ready to pay extra amount, they will be attracted towards the hotel that will provide more facilities (Legohrel et al. 2016). Apart from these, the management of the hotel can increase the number of rooms or accommodation to fulfill the demand of the people. Conclusion In this study, it has been identified that Darwin, Australia has good population and the population trend of the place is upward moving. Due to this, Darwin, Australia is a perfect place for new hotel business. The Skycity Darwin, Hilton hotel, Coconut Grove and Ramada Suites Zen Quarter Darwin are the major player in the market of Darwin and so these are the major competitors of the new hotel. In the second month, the income level of the hotel will increase because it is expected that the demand will be higher. The target customers will be the middle income group and high income group people. In order to manage the situation during low demand season, the hotel can introduce package system and when the demand is high the hotel can increase its price level by little percentage. Reference List: Abrate, G. and Viglia, G., 2016. Strategic and tactical price decisions in hotel revenue management.Tourism Management,55, pp.123-132. Arenoe, B., Van Der Rest, J.P.I. and Kattuman, P., 2015. Game theoretic pricing models in hotel revenue management: An equilibrium choice-based conjoint analysis approach.Tourism Management,51, pp.96-102. Denizci Guillet, B. and Mohammed, I., 2015. Revenue management research in hospitality and tourism: A critical review of current literature and suggestions for future research.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,27(4), pp.526-560. El Haddad, R., 2015. Exploration of revenue management practicescase of an upscale budget hotel chain.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,27(8), pp.1791-1813. Jonsson, R.A., 2015. The new hotel business model: enhance customer experience and profit optimization through the use of revenue management. Kimes, S.E. and Wirtz, J., 2016. Revenue Management in Restaurants: Unbundling Pricing for Reservations from the Core Service. Kimes, S.E., 2016. The evolution of hotel revenue management.Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management,15(3-4), pp.247-251. Legohrel, P., Schwartz, Z., Heo, C.Y. and Wang, X.L., 2015. Special Issue: Revenue management for tourism and hospitality.Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing,32(7), pp.795-933. Lin, Y.H. and Huang, K., 2015. Customer Loyalty under the Influence of Revenue Management: The Case of Taiwanese Hotel Customers.Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research,20(12), pp.1374-1388. Ortega, B. and Ortega, B., 2016. Revenue management systems and hotel performance in the economic downturn.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,28(4), pp.658-680. Sigala, M., 2015. From demand elasticity to market plasticity: A market approach for developing revenue management strategies in tourism.Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing,32(7), pp.812-834. Van Der Rest, J.P.I., Cordella, P., Loosschilder, G. and Schwartz, Z., 2016. Connecting Search Marketing to Hotel Revenue Management: Conjoint Analysis as a Methodology to Evaluate the Optimal Online Travel Agency Commission Fee.Service Science,8(2), pp.169-183.

HW Solutions Essay Example

HW Solutions Paper The client wants to minimize risk subject to the requirement that the annual income from the investment he at least $60,000. According to Innings risk measurement system, each unit invested in the stock fund has a risk index of 8, and each unit invested in the money market fund has a risk index of 3; the higher risk index associated with the stock tune simply indicates that it is the riskier investment. Innings client has also specified that at least $300,000 be invested in the money market fund. A. Determine how many units of each fund Inns should purchase for the client to minimize the total risk index for the portfolio. . How much annual income will this investment strategy generate? . Suppose the client desires to maximize annual return. How should the funds be invested? (SAW: Chi 2, CNN 37 Inns mill) 2. Photo Chemicals produces two types of photographic developing fluids. Both products cost Photo Chemicals SSL per gallon to produce. Based on an analysis of current inventory levels and outstanding orders for the next month, Photo Chemicals management has specified that at least 30 gallons of product 1 and at least 20 gallons to product 2 must be produced during the next 2 weeks. Management has also stated that an existing inventory of highly perishable raw trial required in the production to both fluids must be used within the next 2 weeks. The current inventory of the perishable raw material is 80 pounds. While more of this raw material can be ordered if necessary, any of the current inventory that is not used within the next 2 weeks will spoil hence, the management requirement that at least 80 pounds be used in the next 2 weeks. Furthermore, it is known that product I requires I pound of this perishable raw material per gallon and product 2 requires 2 pounds of the raw material per gallon. We will write a custom essay sample on HW Solutions specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on HW Solutions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on HW Solutions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Since Photo Chemicals Objective is to keep its production costs at he minimum possible level, the firms management is looking for a minimum- cost production plan that uses all the 80 pounds Of perishable raw material and provides at least 30 gallons of product 1 and at least 20 gallons of product 2. What is the minimum-cost solution? (SAW: Chi 2, CNN 38 Photo ; min) 3. Does the following linear program involve infeasibility, unbounded, and/or alternative optimal solutions? Explain. Max ex. ex. ex. 4 ex. 10 -Ixi + lx28 XSL, xx0 (SAW Chi 2, CNN 40 infeasible) 4. Does the following linear program involve infeasibility, unbounded, and/or alternative optimal solutions? Explain Max Xix *lax ex. * ex. 24 ex.4 (SAW : Chi 2, CNN 41 unbounded) 5. Reconsider the ARM situation. A. Identify all the extreme points of the feasible region. B. Suppose ARM discovers away to increase the profit of solvent base to $60 per ton, Does this change the optimal solution? If so, how? C. Suppose the profit for the solvent base is SO per ton, What is the optimal solution now? Comment on any special characteristics that may exist with this profit for the solvent base. Chi 2, CNN 47) 6. Reconsider the ARM situation. Suppose that management adds the acquirement that at least 30 tons of fuel additive and at least 15 tons of solvent base must be produced. A. Graph the constraints for this revised ARM problem. What happens to the feasible region? Explain. B. If there are no feasible solutions, explain what is needed to produce 30 tons of fuel additive and 15 tons of solvent base. : Chi 2, CNN 48) 7. Reconsider the Keelson Sporting Equipment Inc example. Discuss the concepts of infeasibility, unbounded solution, and alternative optimal solutions as they occur in each tooth following situations: a. Management has requested that the production of baseball gloves (regular del plus catchers model) be such that the total number of gloves produced is at least 750. That is, Xix +ex. 750 b. The original problem has to be solved again because the profit contribution for the regular model is adjusted downward to $4 per glove. C. What would have to happen for this problem to be unbounded? : Chi 2, CNN 49) . Recall the Inns Investments problem. Letting XSL = units purchased in the stock fund xx units purchased in the money market fund leads to the following formulation: Min ex. + ex. xx + xx Funds available SKI ex. 60,000 Annual income xx 3,000 Units in money market Obtain and use the computer solution to answer the following: a. What is the optimal solution, and what is the minimum total risk? B. Specify the range of optimality for the objective function coefficients. . How much annual income will be earned by the portfolio? D. What is the rate of return for the portfolio? E. What is the dual price for the funds available constraint? F. What is the marginal rate of return on extra funds added to the portfolio? (SAW: Chi 3, CNN 16 TMS min) 9. Refer to the Inns Investments example and the computer output from the TMS analysis: a. Suppose the risk index for the stock fund (the value of CLC) increases from its current value of 8 to 12. How does the optimal solution change, if at all? Suppose the risk index for the money market fund (the value of co) increases from its current value of 3 to 3. 5. How does the optimal solution change, if at all? C. Suppose CLC increases to 12 and co increases to 3. 3. How does the optimal solution change, if at all? (SAW: Chi 3, CNN 17) 10. Solve the following linear program using the graphical approach: Maxima ex. ex. 4 ex. 20 31 + 72 put the linear program in tableau form, and solve using the simplex method, Show the sequence ot extreme points generated by the simplex method on your graph, (ASW: Ch5, Qn 7 -simplex max) 11. Recall the problem for Par Inc (Book Section 2. 1). The mathematical model for this problem, is restated below: Max xx + ex. [pick]XSL * Ski 630 Cutting and dyeing [apical + [pick]xx 600 Sewing Xix * [pick]k 708 Finishing [apical * [pickax 135 Inspection and packaging where XSL number of standard bags produced xx = number of deluxe bags produced a, use the simplex method to determine how many bags of each model Par should manufacture? B. What is the profit Par can earn with these reduction quantities?

Anaerobic reaction of yeast Essay Example

Anaerobic reaction of yeast Essay Example Anaerobic reaction of yeast Paper Anaerobic reaction of yeast Paper I am going to investigate the anaerobic reaction of Yeast. Anaerobic respiration requires: Glucose == Co2+Alcohol. Whilst Aerobic respiration, which we use to breathe, requires: Glucose + Oxygen == Co2+H20+ heat energy. To observe and record results of this reaction I will measure the amount of Co2 this experiment produces. There are a number of variables I need to consider beforehand that could dramatically affect my experiment. I have also made predictions where appropriate Temperature This can make the rate of reaction speed up or slow down. It will noticeably slow down the reaction when the water is cooled. But the Yeast will speed up until a point where it cannot survive anymore. I would expect my graph to show the Yeast speeding up and then dying. As I heat the water, the particles start to move faster, this makes them collide at a faster speed, speeding up the rate of reaction. Amount of Yeast I will keep the amount at a constant by using a test-tube to measure out an exact amount. If I added too much yeast it would be more too react with the Co2, this would slow down the particles and they would all be used up. As the amount of yeast increases there is more particles to collide with, and this would also use up all the glucose. Osmosis (osmosis occurs when glucose is added) The diffusion of solvent particles through a selectively permeable membrane from a region of high solvent concentration to a region of lower solvent concentration. These membranes have tiny pores, which allow rapid passage of small water particles, but restrict the passage of larger solute particles. Since the membrane is selectively permeable, osmosis is important in the passage of water into and out of cells and organisms, the speed depends on osmosis pressure. I predict that the more heat that is applied to this the faster this reaction happens. I have chosen to investigate the variable of temperature and test it from temperatures from 20-80 degrees. I think seriously about my prediction of the speeding up and slowing down reactions, temperature can cause. Glucose When we add more glucose there are more particles to collide with at first, then the solution on the outside of the yeast becomes concentrated so water moves out of yeast by osmosis and the yeast dehydrates. Water If the mount of water increases effectively it will reduce the concentration so there are less collisions. Safety I will wear a lab coat and be really careful with any hot waters that I will handle. Apparatus The apparatus that I will use will be: 1 beaker, 1trough, 1 kettle (to obtain water), 1 measuring tube, 1 thermometer and 1 tube and bung. For each experiment I will use 10cm3 of the stock solution. The solution is 20g of yeast, 20g glucose and 200cm3 of water. Method I will: ? Fill the water bath with water that has been put to a certain temperature ? Get a boiling tube and put 10cm3 of solution in it ? Put a bung and pipe in the end ? fill the beaker with water to the right temperature ? Fill graduated tube water ? Put the tube into the test-tube ? Put the boiling tube in the beaker ? Leave for 3mins to get to temperature ? Time for 5mins ? Measure amount of Co2 produced. ?Then I will alter to a different temperature in this case my temperature is altering 10 each time so I will use the kettle to alter this temperature making sure it is the right temperature by using a thermometer. ?I will use the same amount of yeast for each run to eliminate solution variation. As I am obtaining these results, I will make sure I use the correct amount of ingredients and make sure I keep my variables (i. e. amount of yeast the same throughout experiment) to what I have predicted they should stay at in experiment. I will record my results in a table as underneath, but I may need to repeat some results, if they look out of place when compared to my results or conclusion. Temp Time Run1 (cm) Run2 (cm) Average (cm) 20 5mins 30 5mins 40 5mins 50 5mins 60 5mins 70 5mins 80 5mins Obtaining evidence After I conducting my experiment to record my results, I found that out that the yeast speeded up from 30 to 50 but then slowly started to deplete from 50-70 and then it died a Analyses As I can see from my graph, the amount of Co2 being produced starts to increase till about 50 degrees where it reaches it reaches its peak after the yeast starts to die. As explained in my plan under variables and prediction I have discovered that when I heat the yeast it speeds up until it gets to a point where the particles starts to die off because of the temperature gets too hot for the enzymes to function and breath properly so they can not work at this temperature which slowly kills them. Because enzymes cannot function past a certain temperature (past 50 degrees in this case) but they do speed up when heated to a controlled amount under this temperature. My prediction is backed up by the evidence that I have gained from my Obtaining evidence. Take heat for example my chosen variable; as predicted in planning it did increase the speed of the reaction, when I heated the yeast e. g. From 1 to 5. 5 in just altering it by 10 degrees from 30 to 40. Evaluation I think the procedure I used was a reliable and efficient method in testing for Co2 in the anaerobic respiration of yeast. The results matched my prediction and I think it was right to repeat each test twice to pin point any rogue result if there is one. I think that I can form the conclusion that the yeast can only perform anaerobic respiration past a certain temperature (20) and under a certain temperature (80). As temperature was my chosen variable to alter and measure this is what I have discovered. I think if I could extend my study of this I could make changes to keep in my experiment set up to keep nearly all my variables at a constant, e. g. I could use a more reliable source of heating the water other than a kettle, this would greatly improve the reliability of the experiment, I may get more accurate and even better results than I have now by taking recordings of the Co2 in the yeast every 5 degrees, this would give me a better indication of whether the results are on course to being accurate and I could have a better chance at pin pointing when Co2 stops being produced. I think I experiment was a success I have spotted when the yeast stops anaerobically reacting and when it starts anaerobically reacting. I have found out that the enzymes in the yeast start to rapidly speed up when they are heated but too much heat will kill them as we have seen in my experiment.

Background to Desired Work Area (Disaster Management and Charity Essay

Background to Desired Work Area (Disaster Management and Charity Organizations) - Essay Example 13 of 2005 passed by the Parliament of Sri Lanka† (Ministry of Disaster Management, 2011). Most often than not, disaster management organizations are more focused on disaster prevention rather than reducing the harm when disasters strike. This is because as it is said, prevention is better than cure. Charity organizations work in much the same way as disaster management organizations and their duties are actually interrelated. This means that charity organizations need disaster management organizations and disaster management organizations need charity organizations in the jurisdictions of their responsibilities. It is worth noting that disaster management and charity organizations may be handled by non-governmental organization and in most cases, these organizations are non-profit making. Works therefore work as volunteers. On the there hand, there are some organizations that employee staff and pay them duly (Inland Revenue Department, 2011). Because of this, the staffs are al ways required to meet certain basic qualifications. The latter scenario is what applies in this personal development plan. Why I desire chosen recruiters There is a notion that people seek employment for financial gains. But seeking employment should not be all about financial gains. It is very important that a person has a lot of passion for the desired job he or she seeks. With such passion, one is able to develop a lot love and commitment towards work and by extension help in increasing productivity. The development of passion for a particular job offer does not also come unaided. With my personal experience, apart from the fact that my academic area of study relates to disaster management, I have a lot of passion for disaster management and charity organization because I regard the act of helping others as a social responsibility. I have a philosophy that we all are each person’s keep and so in my own little way, I have to take up a career or job that will in itself help me to offer help and assistance to other people. Even more, I am highly for the concept that prevention is better than cure. For this reason, I want to be part of a team that will be tasked with finding ways of helping in the reduction of disaster risks in society. Overall Tasks and Responsibilities The specific recruiters in question are Deloitte & Touche LLP's ("Deloitte & Touche's") Audit and Enterprise Risk Services. The specific position being offered is Senior Manager: Business Continuity Management & Disaster Recovery. The potential candidate is supposed to meet certain skills and knowledge requirements. These skills and knowledge requirements have been summed into the overall tasks and responsibilities of the potential candidate. Highlighted areas of tasks and responsibilities are given as Identification and evaluation of business and technology risks. This task requires the senior manager to have insightful knowledge and skill in the use and operation of modern technology a nd risk assessment techniques. Assisting with the selection and tailoring of approaches, methods and tools to support service offering or industry projects. This call for the skill and knowledge in visionary planning that will help in the institutionalization of methods and approaches that are directed towards the overall growth of the